Plates: [44], [47], [48], [49] · Witnesses: Getty 13v · Pisani Dossi 7b–8b · Paris 22r–23v · Illustrations shown: Pisani Dossi, Paris

The Second Master's family ends at [Dagger 44] and the Third Master begins in the same breath — the backhand plays, whose introduction and first play the Getty runs together in one figure. His three plates here are a single continuous action: cover, throw, and the arm ruined once the man is down.

[44] Counter to the Four Things
Pisani Dossi 07b-f
Pisani Dossi · 07b-f
Illustrations: Pisani Dossi 07b-f; Paris 23v-c; Paris 22r-b · Text: Getty 13v-a · Pisani Dossi 7b-f · Paris 23v-c
Getty · translation

I am the counter of the play just passed before here. And I say that with this grip I break all his four plays named before. And he cannot prevent me from dashing him to the ground, by the grip that I have, strong and fierce.

Flow of actions
  1. Answers [Dagger 43], the strong grip and its four things.
  2. And answers the set, not a member of it: "with this grip I break all his four plays." One grip against four options.
  3. The Getty gives no mechanism — only the grip's character, strong and fierce.
  4. And its outcome: he cannot prevent the throw.

The second time the book counters an enumeration rather than a technique ([Dagger 22] did it to a list of three). What is being answered is the position, not the move.

Note

The Paris transcription groups two verses under this number: the first (23v-c) parallels the Second Master's own statement [41]; the second (22r-b) is the counter proper, paralleling [42]/[44]. ## 3rd Master

[47] The Third Master, Backhand Cover
Pisani Dossi 08b-c
Pisani Dossi · 08b-c
Illustration: Pisani Dossi 08b-c · Text: Getty 13v-b · Pisani Dossi 8b-c · Paris 22r-c
Getty · translation

Here begin the plays of the backhand (man riversa), by which countless men have lost their lives. And my scholars will follow the plays, all through the cover that I make with my right hand. This is an easy play to do: in this way I mean to tumble this man to the ground.

Flow of actions
  1. Two figures in one text. First the announcement: here begin the plays of the backhand (man riversa) — a whole family, and one by which "countless men have lost their lives".
  2. The family's condition, stated once and binding on all of it: everything his scholars do runs through the cover he makes with his right hand.
  3. Then the play itself, which is the Master's own: this cover is easy to do.
  4. From it, tumble the man to the ground.
  5. No grip is described. The Master is a cover and a claim; the scholars supply the rest ([Dagger 48][Dagger 55]).

The Getty fuses the Third Master's introduction and his first play into one text; the Pisani Dossi keeps them as two plates ([Dagger 45], [Dagger 46]) — and the seam is still visible in the Getty's wording. See the comparison.

[48] Throw to the Ground
Pisani Dossi 08b-d
Pisani Dossi · 08b-d
Illustration: Pisani Dossi 08b-d · Text: Getty 13v-c · Pisani Dossi 8b-d · Paris 22v-a
Getty · translation

In this way you will be thrown to the ground. And I would do it more safely if I were well armored; yet even unarmored you can do nothing to me. And I would do this to you even if you were stronger still.

Flow of actions
  1. Continues the Master's cover ([Dagger 47]): the man is thrown to the ground.
  2. Then three ratings, and no mechanics whatever:
  3. Armored — the throw is done more safely.
  4. Unarmored — it still works: "you can do nothing to me."
  5. Against a stronger man — it still works.
  6. So the plate's content is an argument about when the play holds, not about how it is done.

The armor question of [Dagger 1] resurfacing, now asked of a play instead of a guard. Fiore's ratings are comparative and never absolute: armor makes this safer, not possible.

[49] Arm Dislocation on the Ground
Pisani Dossi 08b-e
Pisani Dossi · 08b-e
Illustration: Pisani Dossi 08b-e · Text: Getty 13v-d · Pisani Dossi 8b-e · Paris 22v-c
Getty · translation

You go to the ground, and your arm is dislocated, by the art of my Master who is crowned. And you can make no counter against me, for here I hold you so as to make you suffer the more.

Flow of actions
  1. The end of the sequence: he is on the ground and his arm is dislocated.
  2. The credit goes to the Master, not the scholar — "by the art of my Master who is crowned". The scholar claims nothing of his own.
  3. No counter is available from here.
  4. And the hold is kept deliberately — not to finish him but to make him suffer the more.

Cover ([Dagger 47]) → throw ([Dagger 48]) → the arm ruined on the ground ([Dagger 49]): the Third Master's opening is one continuous action across three plates, and only the first of them names a cover.

Glossological analysis

  • man riversa ([47]) — the backhand, literally the "reversed hand", and the name of the Third Master's whole family. The Getty spells out elsewhere what it means for him: he "plays with the right hand at the backhand" ([Dagger 98]) — the hand is the right one; riversa says where it goes.
  • coverta ([47]) — the cover, and here a family's constitution rather than an action: every scholar's play runs "through the cover that I make with my right hand". A Fiorean cover is what the plays hang on (Tactical grouping §2).
  • incoronado ([49]) — crowned. The crown is the Master's mark throughout the book; the scholar names it to say whose art the play is, not whose hands.
  • dislogado ([49]) — dislocated, as against rotto, broken ([Dagger 35], [Dagger 43]). The section keeps the two apart and offers them as alternatives ([Dagger 59]).
  • stentare ([49]) — to suffer, be in torment; not "to strain". The word the locks use of what they do to a man ([Dagger 21], [Dagger 52], [Dagger 54]) — and here a hold is kept expressly to prolong it.
  • liziero ([47]) — "easy to do". One of the few ratings Fiore gives a play, and it goes to a Master's own opening rather than to a scholar's finish.

Manuscript comparison

  • The Paris's [44] is not [44]. The transcription files two Latin verses under this number and neither answers the four things. 23v-c"Me tego luctantem sicut cruce nempe lacertis / Omnibus atque modis possum colludere primis" — is the Second Master's own statement, the Latin of [Dagger 41]. 22r-b"Hoc tua contrario tectura refellitur ecce…" — is the counter to him, the Latin of [Dagger 42], and it even keeps that couplet's shape ("neither the plays of the reversed hand nor the earlier ones will avail"). So the Paris has no verse for [44] at all; what it has is [41] and [42], misfiled (Note at [44], Dagger translation). Our page shows both Paris illustrations at [44] in consequence.
  • The Getty fuses what the Pisani Dossi splits at [47] — and the seam shows. Pisani Dossi: "Qui comença zoghi de man riverssa zoghi forti / Per tali zoghi non saver, asaii ne sono morti / E li zoghi li mie scholari seguirano / E pur de parte riverssa començarano". Getty: "Qui comenzan çoghi di man riversa, per li quali infiniti ano lor vita persa. E li zoghi li mei scolari seguirano, pur per la coverta qual io fazo cum la destra mano." Lines one and three are the same line; lines two and four have been replaced — and replaced with new lines that keep the rhyme (riversa / persa, seguirano / mano) while swapping the verse's content for doctrine. This is the clearest look in the section at how the prose was made.
  • What the swap costs. The Pisani Dossi's fourth line says the scholars begin from the backhand side; the Getty's says they work through the Master's right-hand cover. Both are structural instructions and they are not the same instruction — the verse tells you which side, the prose tells you whose cover. The Getty's second line also drops the verse's rating of these as strong plays.
  • The verse rates [48] differently. Getty: armored is safer, unarmored still works, and it works against a stronger man. Pisani Dossi: "Tu va in terra per tuo pocho saver" — you go down through your scant knowledge — and armor merely lets one hold oneself more safely. The Getty credits the play; the verse blames the loser.
  • Illustrations. [44] carries three: the Pisani Dossi's (07b-f) and both Paris figures (23v-c, 22r-b) — the misfiling made visible on the page. [47]–[49] are the Pisani Dossi's (08b-c, 08b-d, 08b-e).
  • Coverage. Getty four; Pisani Dossi four; Paris five texts across four plates — but the two filed at [44] belong to [Dagger 41] and [Dagger 42]. Morgan none.
The Steel Marginalia · HEMA Study Group Notes in the margins. Truth in the bind.